I have run into this issue with my Canon MF4100...on three different OS's as updated by Microsoft. To fix this for me (latest failure) on Windows 10 was to move my Canon folder in front of a different scanners folder in the `Path` environment variable.
For all others who don't know what I am talking about...the *main* fix is to add your scanner/multi-function printer info into a certain directory in windows, then set that directory as one of the first folders in the path. See this answer
Canon Toolbox 4.9 not working with Windows 7(x64) Professional
The advice works on Win 7, Win 8 and Windows 10.
@Canon Support: Update your install program to do a `fix` scenario to add the drivers on the path. Not rocket science; just good customer service.